newgrp(1)                                                         newgrp(1)




 NAME    [Toc]    [Back]
      newgrp - switch to a new group

 SYNOPSIS    [Toc]    [Back]
      newgrp [-] [group]

 DESCRIPTION    [Toc]    [Back]
      The newgrp command changes your group ID without changing your user ID
      and replaces your current shell with a new one.

      If you specify group, the change is successful if group exists and
      either your user ID is a member of the new group, or group has a
      password and you can supply it from the terminal.

      If you omit group, newgroup changes to the group specified in your
      entry in the password file, /etc/passwd.

      Whether the group is changed successfully or not, or the new group is
      the same as the old one or not, newgrp proceeds to replace your
      current shell with the one specified in the shell field of your
      password file entry.  If that field is empty, newgrp uses the POSIX
      shell, /usr/bin/sh (see sh-posix(1)).

      If you specify - (hyphen) as the first argument, the new shell starts
      up as if you had just logged in.  If you omit -, the new shell starts
      up as if you had invoked it as a subshell.

      You remain logged in and the current directory is unchanged, but
      calculations of access permissions to files are performed with respect
      to the new real and effective group IDs.

      Exported variables retain their values and are passed to the new
      shell.  All unexported variables are deleted, but the new shell may
      reset them to default values.

      Since the current process is replaced when the new shell is started,
      exiting from the new shell has the same effect as exiting from the
      shell in which newgrp was executed.

 EXTERNAL INFLUENCES    [Toc]    [Back]
    International Code Set Support
      Characters from the 7-bit USASCII code set are supported in group
      names (see ascii(5)).

 DIAGNOSTICS    [Toc]    [Back]
      The newgrp command issues the following error messages:

      Sorry                         Your user ID does not qualify as a group
                                    member.





 Hewlett-Packard Company            - 1 -   HP-UX 11i Version 2: August 2003






 newgrp(1)                                                         newgrp(1)




      Unknown group                 The group name does not exist in
                                    /etc/group.

      Permission denied             If a password is required, it must come
                                    from a terminal.

      You have no shell             Standard input is not a terminal file,
                                    causing the new shell to fail.

 EXAMPLES    [Toc]    [Back]
      To change from your current group to group users without executing the
      login routines:

           newgrp users

      To change from your current group to group users and execute the login
      routines:

           newgrp - users

 WARNINGS    [Toc]    [Back]
      There is no convenient way to enter a password into /etc/group.

      The use of group passwords is not recommended because, by their very
      nature, they encourage poor security practices.  Group passwords may
      be eliminated in future HP-UX releases.

      If the specified group to newgrp has multiple inconsistent entries
      (i.e. the group id or/and password are different) in the group
      database, newgrp will consider the group id and password of the first
      matched group entry as the correct group id and password for the
      group.

 FILES    [Toc]    [Back]
      /etc/group               System group file
      /etc/passwd              System password file

 SEE ALSO    [Toc]    [Back]
      csh(1), ksh(1), login(1), sh-posix(1), group(4), passwd(4),
      environ(5).

 STANDARDS CONFORMANCE    [Toc]    [Back]
      newgrp: SVID2, SVID3, XPG2, XPG3, XPG4


 Hewlett-Packard Company            - 2 -   HP-UX 11i Version 2: August 2003