groups(1)                                                         groups(1)




 NAME    [Toc]    [Back]
      groups - show group memberships

 SYNOPSIS    [Toc]    [Back]
      groups [-p] [-g] [-l] [user]

 DESCRIPTION    [Toc]    [Back]
      groups shows the groups to which the caller or the optionally
      specified user belong.  If invoked with no arguments, groups prints
      the current access list returned by getgroups() (see getgroups(2)).

      Each user belongs to a group specified in the password file
      /etc/passwd and possibly to other groups as specified in the files
      /etc/group and /etc/logingroup.  A user is granted the permissions of
      those groups specified in /etc/passwd and /etc/logingroup at login
      time.  The permissions of the groups specified in /etc/group are
      normally available only with the use of newgrp (see newgrp(1)).  If a
      user name is specified with no options, groups prints the union of all
      these groups.

      The -p, -g, and -l options limit the printed list to those groups
      specified in /etc/passwd, /etc/group, and /etc/logingroup,
      respectively.  If a user name is not specified with any of these
      options, cuserid() is called to determine the default user name (see
      cuserid(3S)).

      The printed list of groups is sorted in ascending collation order (see
      Environment Variables below).

 EXTERNAL INFLUENCES    [Toc]    [Back]
    Environment Variables
      LC_COLLATE determines the order in which the output is sorted.

      If LC_COLLATE is not specified in the environment or is set to the
      empty string, the value of LANG is used as a default.  If LANG is not
      specified or is set to the empty string, a default of ``C'' (see
      lang(5)) is used instead of LANG.  If any internationalization
      variable contains an invalid setting, groups behaves as if all
      internationalization variables are set to ``C'' (see environ(5)).

 EXAMPLES    [Toc]    [Back]
      Check file /etc/logingroup and display all groups to which user tim
      belongs:

           groups -l tim

 AUTHOR    [Toc]    [Back]
      groups was developed by the University of California, Berkeley.

 FILES    [Toc]    [Back]
      /etc/group



 Hewlett-Packard Company            - 1 -   HP-UX 11i Version 2: August 2003






 groups(1)                                                         groups(1)




      /etc/logingroup
      /etc/passwd

 SEE ALSO    [Toc]    [Back]
      id(1), newgrp(1), getgroups(2), initgroups(3C), cuserid(3S), group(4).


 Hewlett-Packard Company            - 2 -   HP-UX 11i Version 2: August 2003