signal, signal.h - Contains definitions and variables used
by signal functions
The /usr/include/signal.h file defines the signals
described in the following table.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Signal Number Meaning
-------------------------------------------------------------------
SIGHUP 1 Hangup.
SIGINT 2 Interrupt.
SIGQUIT 3 Quit. (1)
SIGILL 4 Invalid instruction (not reset when caught).
(1)
SIGTRAP 5 Trace trap (not reset when caught). (1)
SIGABRT 6 End process (see the abort() function). (1)
SIGEMT 7 EMT instruction.
SIGFPE 8 Arithmetic exception, integer divide by 0
(zero), or floating-point exception. (1)
SIGKILL 9 Kill (cannot be caught or ignored).
SIGBUS 10 Specification exception. (1)
SIGSEGV 11 Segmentation violation. (1)
SIGSYS 12 Invalid parameter to system call. (1)
SIGPIPE 13 Write on a pipe when there is no process to
read it.
SIGALRM 14 Alarm clock.
SIGTERM 15 Software termination signal.
SIGURG 16 Urgent condition on I/O channel. (2)
SIGSTOP 17 Stop (cannot be caught or ignored). (3)
SIGTSTP 18 Interactive stop. (3)
SIGCONT 19 Continue if stopped. (4)
SIGCHLD 20 To parent on child stop or exit. (2)
SIGTTIN 21 Background read attempted from control terminal.
(3)
SIGTTOU 22 Background write attempted from control terminal.
(3)
SIGIO 23 Input/Output possible or completed. (2)
SIGXCPU 24 CPU time limit exceeded (see the setrlimit()
function).
SIGXFSZ 25 File size limit exceeded (see the setrlimit()
function).
SIGVTALRM 26 Virtual time alarm (see the setitimer() function).
SIGPROF 27 Profiling time alarm (see the setitimer()
function).
SIGWINCH 28 Window size change. (2)
SIGINFO 29 Information request. (2)
SIGUSR1 30 User-defined signal 1.
SIGUSR2 31 User-defined signal 2.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes to table:
Default action includes creating a core dump file.
Default action is to ignore these signals. Default action
is to stop the process receiving these signals. Default
action is to restart or continue the process receiving
these signals.
The three types of actions that can be associated with a
signal: SIG_DFL, SIG_IGN, or a pointer to a function are
described as follows: Default action: signal-specific
default action.
Except for those signal numbers marked with a (2),
(3), or (4), the default action for a signal is to
end the receiving process with all of the consequences
described in the _exit() system call. In
addition, a memory image file is created in the
current directory of the receiving process if the
signal parameter is one for which a superscript 1
appears in the preceding list and the following
conditions are met: The effective user ID and the
real user ID of the receiving process are equal.
An ordinary file named core exists in the current
directory and is writable, or it can be created. If
the file must be created, it will have the following
properties: The access permission code 0600,
modified by the file creation mask (see the umask()
function). A file owner ID that is the same as the
effective user ID of the receiving process. A file
group ID that is inherited from the containing
directory (if the file system is mounted grpid) or
from the owning process (if the file system is
mounted nogrpid).
For signal numbers marked with a superscript 4, the
default action is to restart the receiving process
if it is stopped, or to continue execution of the
receiving process.
For signal numbers marked with a superscript 3, the
default action is to stop the execution of the
receiving process temporarily. When a process
stops, a SIGCHLD signal is sent to its parent process,
unless the parent process has set the
SA_NOCLDSTOP bit. While a process is stopped, any
additional signals that are sent to the process are
not delivered until the process is continued. An
exception to this is SIGKILL, which always terminates
the receiving process. Another exception is
SIGCONT, which always causes the receiving process
to restart or continue running. A process whose
parent has ended shall be sent a SIGKILL signal if
the SIGTSTP, SIGTTIN, or SIGTTOU signals are generated
for that process.
For signal numbers marked with a superscript 2, the
default action is to ignore the signal. In this
case, delivery of the signal has no effect on the
receiving process.
If a signal action is set to SIG_DFL while the signal
is pending, the signal remains pending. Ignore
signal.
Delivery of the signal has no effect on the receiving
process. If a signal action is set to SIG_IGN
while the signal is pending, the pending signal is
discarded.
Note that the SIGKILL and SIGSTOP signals cannot be
ignored. Catch signal.
Upon delivery of the signal, the receiving process
is to run the signal-catching function specified by
the pointer to function. The signal-handler
subroutine can be declared as follows:
void handler(signal) int signal;
The signal parameter is the signal number.
A new signal mask is calculated and installed for the
duration of the signal-catching function (or until sigprocmask()
or sigsuspend() system calls are made). This
mask is formed by taking the union of the process signal
mask, the mask associated with the action for the signal
being delivered, and a mask corresponding to the signal
being delivered. The mask associated with the signalcatching
function is not allowed to block those signals
that cannot be ignored. This is enforced by the kernel
without causing an error to be indicated. If and when the
signal-catching function returns, the original signal mask
is restored (modified by any sigprocmask() calls that were
made since the signal-catching function was called) and
the receiving process resumes execution at the point it
was interrupted.
The signal-catching function can cause the process to
resume in a different context by calling the longjmp()
subroutine. When the longjmp() subroutine is called, the
process leaves the signal stack, if it is currently on it,
and restores the process signal mask to the state when the
corresponding setjmp() call was made.
Once an action is installed for a specific signal, it
remains installed until another action is explicitly
requested (by another call to the sigaction() system
call), or until one of the exec system calls is called.
If a signal action is set to a pointer to a function while
the signal is pending, the signal remains pending.
When signal-catching functions are invoked asynchronously
with process execution, the behavior of some of the functions
defined by this standard is unspecified if they are
called from a signal-catching function. The following set
of functions are reentrant with respect to signals (that
is, applications can invoke them, without restriction,
from signal-catching functions):
_exit() access() alarm() chdir()
chmod() chown() close() creat()
dup2() dup() exec() fcntl()
fork() fstat() getegid() geteuid()
getgid() getgroups() getpgrp() getpid()
getppid() getuid() kill() link()
lseek() mkdir() mkfifo() open()
pause() pipe() read() rename()
rmdir() sem_post() setgid() setpgrp()
setuid() sigaction() sigaddset() sigdelset()
sigfillset() siginitset() sigismember() signal()
sigpending() sigprocmask() sigsuspend() sleep()
statx() tcdrain() tcflow() tcflush()
tcgetattr() tcgetprgp() tcsendbreak() tcsetattr()
tcsetpgrp() time() times() umask()
uname() unlink() ustat() utime()
wait2() wait() write()
All other system calls should not be called from signalcatching
functions since their behavior is undefined.
Functions: sigaction(2), sigblock(2), sigemptyset(3), siginterrupt(3), siglongjmp(3), sigpause(3), sigpending(2),
sigprocmask(2), sigreturn(2), sigset(3), sigsetjmp(3),
sigstack(2), sigsuspend(2), sigvec(2), sigwait(3)
signal(4)
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