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ctype(3C)							     ctype(3C)


NAME    [Toc]    [Back]

     ctype: isdigit, isxdigit, islower,	isupper, isalpha, isalnum, isspace,
     iscntrl, ispunct, isprint,	isgraph, isascii, __isblank - character
     handling

SYNOPSIS    [Toc]    [Back]

     #include <ctype.h>

     int isupper(int c);
     int islower(int c);

     int isalpha(int c);
     int isdigit(int c);

     int isxdigit(int c);
     int isspace(int c);

     int ispunct(int c);
     int isprint(int c);

     int isgraph(int c);
     int iscntrl(int c);

     int __isblank(int c);
     int isalnum(int c);

     int isascii(int c);

DESCRIPTION    [Toc]    [Back]

     These macros classify character-coded integer values.  Each is a
     predicate returning non-zero for true, zero for false.  The behavior of
     these macros, except for isascii, is affected by the current locale [see
     setlocale(3C)].  To modify	the behavior, change the LC_TYPE category in
     setlocale,	that is, setlocale (LC_CTYPE, newlocale).  In the C locale, or
     in	a locale where character type information is not defined, characters
     are classified according to the rules of the US-ASCII 7-bit coded
     character set.

     The macro isascii is defined on all integer values; the rest are defined
     only where	the argument is	an int,	the value of which is representable as
     an	unsigned char, or EOF, which is	defined	by the stdio.h header file and
     represents	end-of-file.

     isupper	    tests for any character that is classified as an uppercase
		    letter.

		    In a locale-specific character class, no character
		    specified for the cntrl, digit, punct, or space character
		    class can be specified as class upper character.






									Page 1






ctype(3C)							     ctype(3C)



		    In the C locale, the 26 uppercase letters are included in
		    the	class upper:

		      A	B C D E	F G H I	J K L M	N O P Q	R S T U	V W X Y	Z

     islower	    tests for any character that is classified as a lowercase
		    letter.

		    In a locale-specific character class, no character
		    specified for the cntrl, digit, punct, or space, character
		    class can be specified as class lower character.

		    In the C locale, the 26 lowercase letters are included in
		    the	class lower:

		      a	b c d e	f g h i	j k l m	n o p q	r s t u	v w x y	z

     isalpha	    tests for any character that is classified as a letter.

		    In a locale-specific character class, no character
		    specified for the cntrl, digit, punct, or space character
		    class can be specified as class alpha character.
		    Characters classified as either upper or lower class are
		    automatically included in the class	alpha.

		    In the C locale, all characters in the classes upper and
		    lower are included in the class alpha.

     isdigit	    tests for any character that is classified as a numeric
		    digit.

		    In a locale-specific character class, only the digits
		    [0-9], in contiguous ascending sequence by numerical
		    value, can be specified as class digit character.

		    In the C locale, only:

		      0	1 2 3 4	5 6 7 8	9

		    are	included in the	class digit.

     isxdigit	    tests for any character that is classified as a
		    hexadecimal	digit.

		    In a locale-specific character class, only the characters
		    defined for	the class digit, in contiguous ascending
		    sequence by	numerical value, followed by one or more sets
		    of six characters representing the hexadecimal digits 10
		    to 15 inclusive (for example A, B, C, D, E,	F, a, b, c, d,
		    e, f), with	each set in ascending order, can be specified
		    as class xdigit character.




									Page 2






ctype(3C)							     ctype(3C)



		    In the C locale, only:

		      0	1 2 3 4	5 6 7 8	9 A B C	D E F a	b c d e	f

		    are	included in the	class xdigit.

     isspace	    tests for any character that is classified as a whitespace
 character.

		    In a locale-specific character class, no character
		    specified for the upper, lower, alpha, digit, graph, or
		    xdigit character class can be specified as class space
		    character.

		    In the C locale, the characters space, form-feed, newline,
		    carriage-return, tab and vertical-tab are included in the
		    class space.

     ispunct	    tests for any character that is classified as a
		    punctuation	character.

		    In a locale-specific character class, no character
		    specified for the upper, lower, alpha, digit, cntrl, or
		    xdigit character class can be specified as class punct
		    character. The space character cannot be specified as
		    class punct	character.

		    In the C locale, neither the space character nor any
		    characters in classes alpha, digit or cntrl	are included
		    in the class punct.

     isprint	    tests for any character that is classified as a printable
		    character, including the space character.

		    In a locale-specific character class, no character
		    specified for the class cntrl can be specified as class
		    print character.  Characters specified for the classes
		    upper, lower, alpha, digit,	xdigit,	punct and the space
		    character are automatically	included in the	class print.

		    In the C locale, all characters in class graph are
		    included in	the class print; no characters in class	cntrl
		    are	included.

     isgraph	    tests for any character that is classified as printable
		    character, not including the space character.

		    In a locale-specific character class, no character
		    specified for the class cntrl can be specified as class
		    graph character.  Characters specified for the classes
		    upper, lower, alpha, digit,	xdigit,	and punct are
		    automatically included in the class	print.



									Page 3






ctype(3C)							     ctype(3C)



		    In the C locale, all characters in classes alpha, digit
		    and	punct are included in the class	graph; no characters
		    in class cntrl are included.

     iscntrl	    tests for any character that is classified as a control
		    character.

		    In a locale-specific character class, no character
		    specified for the upper, lower, alpha, digit, punct,
		    graph, print or xdigit character class can be specified as
		    class cntrl	character.

		    In the C locale, no	characters in classes alpha or print
		    are	included in the	class cntrl.

     __isblank	    tests for any character that is classified as a blank
		    character.

		    In the C locale, only the space and	tab characters are
		    included in	the class blank.

     isalnum	    tests for any character that is classified as a letter or
		    a numerical	digit.

		    In a locale-specific character class, characters in	the
		    classes upper, lower, alpha, and digit are automatically
		    classified as letters or numerical digits.

     isascii	    tests for any ASCII	character, code	between	0 and 0177
		    inclusive.


     All the character classification macros use a table lookup.

     Functions exist for all the above-defined macros.	To get the function
     form, the macro name must be bypassed (e.g., #undef isdigit).

FILES    [Toc]    [Back]

     /usr/lib/locale/locale<b>/LC_CTYPE

SEE ALSO    [Toc]    [Back]

      
      
     chrtbl(1M), wchrtbl(1M), ctype(3C), setlocale(3C),	stdio(3S), ascii(5),
     environ(5).

DIAGNOSTICS    [Toc]    [Back]

     If	the argument to	any of the character handling macros is	not in the
     domain of the function, the result	is undefined.


									PPPPaaaaggggeeee 4444
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