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 netstat(1)                                                       netstat(1)




 NAME    [Toc]    [Back]
      netstat - show network status

 SYNOPSIS    [Toc]    [Back]
      netstat [-an] [-f address-family] [system]

      netstat [-an] [-f address-family] [system [core]] #  PA-RISC only

      netstat [-Mnrsv] [-f address-family] [-p protocol] [system]

      netstat [-Mnrsv] [-f address-family] [-p protocol] [system [core]]
           #  PA-RISC only

      netstat [-ginw] [-I interface] [interval] [system]

      netstat [-ginw] [-I interface] [interval] [system [core]] #  PA-RISC
           only

 DESCRIPTION    [Toc]    [Back]
      netstat displays statistics for network interfaces and protocols, as
      well as the contents of various network-related data structures.  The
      output format varies according to the options selected.  Some options
      are ignored or invalid when used in combination with other options.

      Generally, the netstat command takes one of the three forms shown
      above:

           +  The first form of the command displays a list of active
              sockets for each protocol.

           +  The second form displays the contents of one of the other
              network data structures according to the option selected.

           +  The third form displays configuration information for each
              network interface.  It also displays network traffic data on
              configured network interfaces, optionally updated at each
              interval, measured in seconds.

      Options are interpreted as follows:

           -a                Show the state of all sockets, including
                             passive sockets used by server processes.  When
                             netstat is used without any options only active
                             sockets are shown.  This option does not show
                             the state of X.25 programmatic access sockets.
                             The option is ignored if the -g, -i, -I, -M,
                             -p, -r, -s or interval option is specified.

           -f address-family Show statistics or address control block for
                             only the specified address-family.  The
                             following address families are recognized: inet



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 netstat(1)                                                       netstat(1)




                             for AF_INET, inet6 for AF_INET6, and unix for
                             AF_UNIX.  This option with AF_UNIX applies to
                             the -a and -s options.  This option with
                             AF_INET or AF_INET6 applies to the -a, -i, -n,
                             and -s options.

           -g                Show multicast information for network
                             interfaces.  Only the address family AF_INET is
                             recognized by this option.  This option may be
                             combined with the -i option to display both
                             kinds of information.  The option is ignored if
                             the -p option is specified.

           -i                Show the state of network interfaces.  Only the
                             interfaces that have been configured with an IP
                             address or the plumb option using the ifconfig
                             command are shown.  The output includes both
                             the primary and logical interfaces.  (See
                             ifconfig(1M)).  The counts for Ipkts and Opkts
                             fields are for IP packets only.  This option is
                             ignored if the -p option is specified.  By
                             default, when the -f option is not specified,
                             netstat shows the state of interfaces
                             configured with either IPv4 or IPv6 addresses.
                             An exception is when the user has not
                             configured any IPv6 address on any interface,
                             netstat does not display the state of the IPv6
                             loopback interface.

           -I interface      Show information about the specified interface
                             only.  This option applies to the -g and -i
                             options.

           -M                Show the multicast routing tables.  When -s is
                             used with the -M option, netstat displays
                             multicast routing statistics instead.  This
                             option is ignored if the -p option is
                             specified.

           -n                Show network addresses as numbers.  Normally,
                             netstat interprets addresses and attempts to
                             display them symbolically.  This option applies
                             to the -a, -i, -r and -v options.

           -p protocol       Show statistics for the specified protocol.
                             The following protocols are recognized: tcp,
                             udp, ip, icmp, igmp, ipv6, and icmpv6.

           -r                Show the routing tables.  When -v is used with
                             the -r option, netstat also displays the
                             network masks in the route entries.  This



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 netstat(1)                                                       netstat(1)




                             option is ignored if the -g, -i, -I, -p or
                             interval option is specified and is invalid if
                             the -s option is specified.

           -s                Show statistics for all protocols.  When this
                             option is used with the -M option, netstat
                             displays multicast routing statistics instead.
                             This option is ignored if the -g, -i, -I, -p or
                             interval option is specified and is invalid if
                             the -r option is specified.

           -v                Show additional routing information.  When -v
                             is used with the -r option, netstat also
                             displays the network masks in the route
                             entries.  This option only applies to the -r
                             option.

           -w                Show the output in wide format.  This option
                             displays all the fields in the output with
                             their maximum resolution in a single line.
                             Thus, the output can be worked upon with textprocessing
 tools.  This option works only with
                             the -i option and will be ignored when used
                             with any other option.

      The system argument allows substitution for the default value
      /stand/vmunix.  On PA-RISC systems only, the core argument allows
      substitution for the default value /dev/kmem.

      If no options are specified, netstat displays the status of only
      active sockets.  The display of active and passive sockets status
      shows the local and remote addresses, send and receive queue sizes (in
      bytes), protocol, and the internal state of the protocol.

      Note: The send and receive queue size displayed is usually zero. These
      fields are displayed only for backward compatibility purposes.

      Address formats are in two forms: host.port, or network.port if the
      host portion of a socket address is zero.  When known, the host and
      network addresses are displayed symbolically by using gethostbyname()
      and getnetbyname(), respectively (see gethostent(3N) and
      getnetent(3N)) for IPv4, and getnameinfo() for IPv6 (see
      getaddrinfo(3N)).  If a symbolic name for an address is unknown, the
      address is displayed numerically according to the address family.  For
      more information regarding the Internet ``dot format'' for IPv4
      addresses, refer to inet(3N).  For more information regarding the
      Internet ``colon format'' for IPv6 addresses, refer to inet6(3N).
      Unspecified or ``wildcard'' addresses and ports appear as an asterisk
      (*).





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 netstat(1)                                                       netstat(1)




      The interface display provides a table of cumulative statistics
      regarding packets transferred, both inbound and outbound.  The network
      addresses of the interface and the maximum transmission unit (MTU) are
      also displayed.  When the interval argument is specified, netstat
      displays a running count of statistics related to network interfaces.
      This display consists of a column for the first interface found during
      auto-configuration and a column summarizing information for all
      interfaces.  To display a running count of statistics for a specific
      interface, use the -I option.  The first line of each screen of
      information contains a summary since the system was last rebooted.
      Subsequent lines of output show values accumulated over the preceding
      interval.

      The routing table display indicates the available routes and their
      status.  Each route consists of a destination host or network, a
      netmask and a gateway to use in forwarding packets.  The Flags field
      shows whether the route is up (U), whether the route is to a gateway
      (G), or whether the route is a host or network route (with or without
      H).

      The Netmask field shows the mask to be applied to the destination IP
      address of an IP packet to be forwarded.  The result will be compared
      with the destination address in the route entry.  If they are the
      same, then the route is one of the candidates for routing this IP
      packet.  If there are several candidate routes, then the route with
      the longest Netmask field (contiguous 1's starting from the left-most
      bit position) will be chosen.  (see routing(7).)

      The Gateway field shows the address of the immediate gateway for
      reaching the destination.  It can be the address of the outgoing
      interface if the destination is on a directly connected network.

      The Interface field identifies which network interface is used for the
      route.

      The Pmtu field displays the path maximum transmission unit (PMTU).  If
      the route is created with a static PMTU value (see route(1M)), the
      corresponding PMTU value permanently overrides the interface MTU.
      Otherwise, the PMTU value is the same as the MTU of the network
      interface used for the route.

      The Prefix field is for IPv6 only.  Its format is similar to the CIDR
      notation in IPv4.  The prefix is an integer between 0 and 128
      inclusive.  It specifies how many of the leftmost contiguous bits of
      the address comprise the prefix.  A host route has a prefix of 128.  A
      default route has a prefix of 0 (see route(1M)).  The prefix is also
      used in selecting a route to forward an IPv6 packet.

 DEPENDENCIES    [Toc]    [Back]
    X.25
      -a option does not list X.25 programmatic access information.



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 netstat(1)                                                       netstat(1)




 AUTHOR    [Toc]    [Back]
      netstat was developed by HP and the University of California,
      Berkeley.

 SEE ALSO    [Toc]    [Back]
      ifconfig(1M), lanscan(1M), lanadmin(1M), route(1M), inet(3N),
      inet6(3N), gethostent(3N), getnetent(3N), getaddrinfo(3N).  hosts(4),
      networks(4), protocols(4), services(4), routing(7).


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