adduser, addgroup - add a user or group to the system
adduser [options] [--home DIR] [--shell SHELL] [--no-create-home]
[--uid ID] [--firstuid ID] [--lastuid ID] [--ingroup GROUP | --gid ID]
[--disabled-password] [--disabled-login] [--gecos GECOS] user
adduser --system [options] [--home DIR] [--shell SHELL] [--no-createhome]
[--uid ID] [--group | --ingroup GROUP | --gid ID] [--disabledpassword]
[--disabled-login] [--gecos GECOS] user
adduser --group [options] [--gid ID] group
addgroup [options] [--gid ID] group
adduser [options] user group
COMMON OPTIONS [Toc] [Back]
[--quiet] [--force-badname] [--help] [--version] [--conf FILE]
adduser and addgroup add users and groups to the system according to
command line options and configuration information in
/etc/adduser.conf. They are friendlier front ends to the useradd and
groupadd programs, choosing Debian policy conformant UID and GID values,
creating a home directory with skeletal configuration, running a
custom script, and other features. adduser and addgroup can be run in
one of four modes:
Add a normal user [Toc] [Back]
If called with one non-option argument and without the --system or
--group options, adduser will add a normal user.
adduser will choose the first available UID from the range specified
for normal users in the configuration file. The UID can be overridden
with the --uid option.
The range specified in the configuration file may be overridden with
the --firstuid and --lastuid options.
By default, each user in Debian GNU/Linux is given a corresponding
group with the same name and id. Usergroups allow group writable
directories to be easily maintained by placing the appropriate users in
the new group, setting the set-group-ID bit in the directory, and
ensuring that all users use a umask of 002. If this option is turned
off by setting USERGROUPS to no, all users' GIDs are set to USERS_GID.
Users' groups can also be overridden from the command line with the
--gid or --ingroup options to set the group by id or name, respectively.
adduser will create a home directory subject to DHOME, GROUPHOMES, and
LETTERHOMES. The home directory can be overridden from the command
line with the --home option, and the shell with the --shell option. The
home directory's set-group-ID bit is set if USERGROUPS is yes so that
any files created in the user's home directory will have the correct
group.
adduser will copy files from SKEL into the home directory and prompt
for finger (gecos) information and a password. The gecos may also be
set with the --gecos option. With the --disabled-login option, the
account will be created but will be disabled until a password is set.
The --disabled-password option will not set a password, but login are
still possible for example through SSH RSA keys.
If the file /usr/local/sbin/adduser.local exists, it will be executed
after the user account has been set up in order to do any local setup.
The arguments passed to adduser.local are:
username uid gid home-directory
Add a system user [Toc] [Back]
If called with one non-option argument and the --system option, adduser
will add a system user. If an user with an uid in the system range (or
if the uid is specified, with that) does already exist, adduser will
exit silently.
adduser will choose the first available UID from the range specified
for system users in the configuration file. The UID can be overridden
with the --uid option.
By default, system users are placed in the nogroup group. To place the
new system user in an already existing group, use the --gid or
--ingroup options. To place the new system user in a new group with
the same ID, use the --group option.
A home directory is created by the same rules as for normal users. The
new system user will have the shell /bin/false (unless overridden with
the --shell option), and have a disabled password. Skeletal configuration
files are not copied.
Add a system group [Toc] [Back]
If adduser is called with the --group option, or addgroup is called, a
system group will be added.
A GID will be chosen from the range specified for system UIDS in the
configuration file. The GID can be overridden with the --gid option.
The group is created with no users.
Add an existing user to an existing group [Toc] [Back]
If called with two non-option arguments, adduser will add an existing
user to an existing group.
--conf FILE
Use FILE instead of /etc/adduser.conf.
--disabled-login
Do not run passwd to set the password. The user won't be able
to use her account until the password is set.
--disabled-password
Like --disabled-login, but logins are still possible for example
through SSH RSA keys, but not using password authentification.
--force-badname
By default, user and group names are required to consist of a
lowercase letter followed by zero or more lowercase letters or
numbers. Dashes in the username are accepted as well. This
option forces adduser and addgroup to be more lenient.
--gecos GECOS
Set the gecos field for the new entry generated. adduser will
not ask for finger information if this option is given.
--gid ID
When creating a group, this option forces the new groupid to be
the given number. When creating a user, this option will put
the user in that group.
--group
When combined with --system, a group with the same name and ID
as the system user is created. If not combined with --system, a
group with the given name is created. This is the default
action if the program is invoked as addgroup.
--help Display brief instructions.
--home DIR
Use DIR as the user's home directory, rather than the default
specified by the configuration file. If the directory does not
exist, it is created and skeleton files are copied.
--shell SHELL
Use SHELL as the user's login shell, rather than the default
specified by the configuration file.
--ingroup GROUP
Add the new user to GROUP instead of a usergroup or the default
group defined by USERS_GID in the adduser.conf file.
--no-create-home
Do not create the home directory, even if it doesn't exist.
--quiet
Suppress progress messages.
--system
Create a system user.
--uid ID
Force the new userid to be the given number. adduser will fail
if the userid is already taken.
--firstuid ID
Override the first uid in the range that the uid is chosen from.
--lastuid ID
Override the last uid in the range that the uid is chosen from.
--version
Display version and copyright information.
/etc/adduser.conf
adduser.conf(5), deluser(8), useradd(8), groupadd(8)
Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999 Guy Maor.
Copyright (C) 1995 Ted Hajek, with a great deal borrowed from the original
Debian adduser
Copyright (C) 1994 Ian Murdock. adduser is free software; see the GNU
General Public Licence version 2 or later for copying conditions.
There is no warranty.
Debian GNU/Linux Version 3.47 ADDUSER(8)
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