KUNARC(1)	     K-AShare by Xinet (10/14/99 10.1)	     KUNARC(1)



     NAME    [Toc]    [Back]
	  kunarc, karc -  K-AShare
	  AppleSingle/AppleDouble/BinHex/MacBinary converter

     SYNOPSIS    [Toc]    [Back]
	  kunarc [ -trU	] [ -f outfile ] infile...
	  karc [ -trACDM ] [ -f	outfile	] infile...

     DESCRIPTION    [Toc]    [Back]
	  These	utility	programs let the user convert between various
	  Macintosh archival formats and the K-AShare file format.
	  The supported	archive	formats	are AppleSingle, AppleDouble,
	  BinHex, CAP-AUFS 3.0,	Helios Ethershare, MacBinary, TOPS
	  (version 2 or	later),	and IPT	uShare 4.1.  These formats are
	  used to encode Macintosh specific information	(file type and
	  creator, resource fork etc.)	into one or more files that
	  can be stored	on non-Macintosh file systems. BinHex also
	  encodes files	into ASCII, so that they can be	transferred
	  via e-mail (i.e. it is similar to uuencode(1)	). AppleDouble
	  is used by some other	AppleShare emulators to	store
	  Macintosh files on Unix filesystems (e.g. A/UX, GatorShare,
	  and NFS/Share).  AppleSingle is used by AppleLink to attach
	  files	to e-mail messages.

	  Karc creates archive files from K-AShare files, kunarc
	  creates K-AShare files from archive files.

	  BinHex files usually have a .hqx file	suffix.	 AppleDouble
	  format uses two files. For instance, for a file named	foo,
	  only the macintosh data fork will be stored in the file
	  named	foo. The resource fork,	file creator, type,
	  modification date, etc. are stored in	a file named %foo.
	  Kunarc should	be run on the file that	starts with the	'%'
	  character.

	  Helios Ethershare and	IPT uShare files have a	.rsrc
	  subdirectory which contains the resource fork	of the file
	  contained in the upper directory. Helios Ethershare files
	  with no dataforks only have an entry in this .rsrc
	  subdirectory.	 Using kunarc on IPT uShare requires using the
	  -U option.  kunarc should be run given the name of the .rsrc
	  subdirectory,	and will then convert all files	in the
	  subdirectory.	 A side	effect of running kunarc on Helios
	  Ethershare and IPT uShare files is that filenames with 8 bit
	  characters (accents  and the like) will get renamed using
	  Xinet's 8 bit	character mapping.

	  Helios EtherShare and	IPT uShare file	systems	should also
	  have their directory names changed using kunarc with the -h
	  option.  See the examples.

	  MacBinary files usually have a .bin suffix.  The kunarc



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	  utility supports BinHex 4.0 and MacBinary I &	II files. Note
	  that AppleSingle files received from AppleLink via UNIX mail
	  must be run through uudecode first.  Kunarc does support
	  compressed AppleLink enclosures, but the AppleLink software
	  or Stuffit Expander must be used to uncompress the resulting
	  file.

	  Kunarc will use the file name	recorded in the	archive	file,
	  for every infile that	is not preceded	by an outfile
	  argument.

	  If you don't use the remove infile option with karc, you
	  must specify an outfile.

     OPTIONS    [Toc]    [Back]
	  -f   Use the next argument as	the name of outfile. If
	       outfile does not	contain	a path name, the current
	       working directory will be used (rather than any path
	       name that may be	contained in infile). If this option
	       is  omitted, we try to determine	the output filename
	       from infile (and	outfile	will be	placed in the same
	       directory as infile). If	outfile	is given as `-', karc
	       writes to the standard output.

	  -r   Remove infile after converting it.

	  -h   Convert infile Helios EtherShare	or IPT uShare
	       directory names,	and all	subdirectory names, to use
	       Xinet's 8 bit character encoding	scheme.	 This option
	       should be run by	itself either before or	after
	       converting all the files	from Helios EtherShare or IPT
	       uShare format to	Xinet format.  See the examples	below.

	  -t   Set the tolerant	flag. When this	flag is	set, kunarc
	       tries to	handle apparently invalid files. This is
	       useful for handling files created by programs that do
	       not exactly follow the appropriate file format
	       standard.

	  -A   Create an AppleSingle archive.

	  -B   Force translation of a BinHex archive.

	  -C   Create a	CAP/AUFS version 3 archive.

	  -D   Create an AppleDouble archive.

	  -M   Create a	MacBinary archive.

	  -U   Assume input infile is a	IPT uShare file	(uShare	files
	       are not automatically recognized	as they	lack an	easy
	       "magic" number to recognize).



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	  infile
	       This may	be a directory (in which case all regular
	       files in	infile are processed).

     FILES    [Toc]    [Back]
	   ./.HSancillary		File for additional file
					information needed by
					Macintosh.

     EXAMPLES    [Toc]    [Back]
	  Kunarc can be	run in batch mode in conjunction with find.
	  (You should run kunarc as root if you	use this method).  If
	  you are doing	this, we suggest piping	stdout into a log file
	  so you can look at stderr for	any errors. If you don't have
	  a backup of your filesystem, we suggest you don't use	the
	  remove option	if you use kunarc in batch mode. Instead, you
	  can use another find command to remove the archive files
	  once kunarc has been run successfully. (See examples below).

	  Convert all AppleDouble files	in the directory tree rooted
	  at /usr/mount	to K-AShare format:

	       find /usr/mount -name "%*" -exec	kunarc {} \;

	  Convert all A/UX files in the	directory tree rooted at
	  /usr/mount to	K-AShare format:

	       find /usr/mount -type d -name ".AppleDouble" -prune -exec kunarc	{} \;

	  If this succeeds without incident, use the following commands	to remove
	  the A/UX directories (which will no longer be	necessary).

	       find . -name ".AppleDouble" -prune -exec	rm -r {} \;

	  Convert all CAP-AUFS files in	the directory tree rooted at
	  /usr/mount to	K-AShare format:

	       find /usr/mount -type d -name ".finderinfo" -prune -exec	kunarc {} \;

	  If this succeeds without incident, use the following commands	to remove
	  the CAP directories (which will no longer be necessary).

	       find . -name ".finderinfo" -prune -exec rm -r {}	\;
	       find . -name ".resource"	-prune -exec rm	-r {} \;

	  Convert all TOPS files in the	directory tree rooted at
	  /usr/mount to	K-AShare format:

		find . -name ".rsrc" -prune -o -type f -exec kunarc {} \;

	  If this succeeds without incident, use the following commands	to remove
	  the TOPS directories (which will no longer be	necessary).



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	       find . -name ".rsrc" -exec rm -rf {} \;

	  Convert all Helios EtherShare	files in the directory tree
	  rooted at /usr/mount to K-AShare format:

		find . -name ".rsrc" -type d -exec kunarc {} \;

	  Convert all IPT uShare files in the directory	tree rooted at
	  /usr/mount
	  to K-AShare format:

		find . -name ".rsrc" -type d -exec kunarc -U {}	\;

	  You also need	to change the directory	names from Helios'
	  or IPT's 8 bit character encoding scheme to Xinet's encoding scheme.
	  This has to be done as a separate step as the	find command gets confused
	  when directories being searched change names.	 Run kunarc with
	  the -h flag at the root of the Helios	EtherShare or IPT uShare
	  directory tree:

	       kunarc -h /usr/mount

	  If all this succeeds without incident, use the following commands
	  to remove the	EtherShare or uShare directories (which	will no	longer
	  be necessary).

	       find . -name ".rsrc" -type d -exec rm -rf {} \;

	  Convert all K-AShare files in	the directory tree rooted at
	  /usr/mount to	AppleDouble format (type as one	line):

	       find /usr/mount \( -type	d -name	".HSResource" -prune \)
		    -o \( -name	".HSancillary" \)
		    -o -type f -exec karc -D -r	{} \;

	  Convert AMacFile into	uu, which can be appended to messages
	  sent to AppleLink accounts via the Internet AppleLink
	  gateway (e.g.	XINET@applelink.apple.com).  AppleLink will
	  convert the enclosure	back to	the original Macintosh file.

	       karc -A -f - AMacFile | uuencode	AMacFile >! uu

     SEE ALSO    [Toc]    [Back]
	  K-AShare Administrator's Guide

     BUGS    [Toc]    [Back]
	  The tolerant flag does not always work.

	  If kunarc is used in conjunction with	find(1)	and the	remove
	  flag is on, find may be confused when	kunarc deletes files.
	  This will result in spurious error messages (usually
	  something like "cannot stat <filename>"), which may be



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	  ignored.

	  kunarc doesnt	do the right thing when	given the dataforks
	  for Helios EtherShare	and IPT	uShare files.  Give it the
	  file in the .rsrc directories.

	  Karc supports	only MacBinary,	AppleSingle and	AppleDouble.
















































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